Terrestrial refraction mb-width 2564 by Luigi Aloisio Galvani (Modena

by Luigi Aloisio Galvani (Modena

Plate 3 from the book Description des expÚriences de la machine aÚrostatiques de MM

Horse and cart on the Eltham Road in Woolwich

between a Turkish warship and four small Russian gunboats

In the right background are village stocks

Terrestrial refraction mb-width 2564 by Luigi Aloisio Galvani (ModenaPlate illustrating John Ross's report of the curious effects of refraction in Arctic latitudes. The observations were made on 22 September 1832 at North End Cape, Somerset Island, in the Canadian Arctic. Figure 1 shows the land 'as with no refraction, distant fourteen miles'; figure 2 shows 'the same land, with an iceberg four miles distant raised above the land'; figure 3 shows 'the same refracted in a different way on the same day.' Plate facing p.